Ngu-Emily Chow, uDominique Patton
I-BEIJING (Reuters) - I-China ikhipha uhlelo lwe-quota ukuze kukhawulwe ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ama-phosphates, isithako esibalulekile somanyolo, engxenyeni yesibili yalo nyaka, kusho abahlaziyi, becaphuna imininingwane evela kubakhiqizi abakhulu be-phosphate bezwe.
Izabelo, ezibekwe ngaphansi kwamazinga okuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe onyakeni odlule, zizonweba ukungenelela kweShayina ezimakethe ukuze kuvikeleke amanani asekhaya futhi kuvikelwe ukuphepha kokudla kuyilapho amanani kamanyolo emhlabeni wonke ekhuphuka eduze nokukhuphuka okurekhodiwe.
Ngo-Okthoba odlule, i-China iphinde yathuthela ekunqandeni ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe ngokwethula imfuneko entsha yezitifiketi zokuhlolwa ukuze kuthunyelwe umanyolo nezinto ezihlobene nakho, okunomthelela ekuhlinzekeni okuqinile komhlaba wonke.
Amanani kamanyolo anyuswe yizijeziso kubakhiqizi abakhulu baseBelarus naseRussia, kuyilapho amanani entengo okusanhlamvu ekhuphuka ekhulisa isidingo se-phosphate nezinye izakhi zezitshalo ezivela kubalimi emhlabeni jikelele.
I-China ingumkhiqizi omkhulu we-phosphates emhlabeni, ithumela amathani ayizigidi eziyi-10 ngonyaka odlule, noma cishe u-30% wesamba sohwebo somhlaba. Abathengi bayo abaphambili bekuyiNdiya, iPakistan neBangladesh, ngokusho kwedatha yamasiko aseShayina.
I-China ibonakala ikhiphe ama-quota okuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwamathani angaphezu kwezigidi ezintathu zama-phosphates kubakhiqizi engxenyeni yesibili yalo nyaka, kusho uGavin Ju, umhlaziyi kamanyolo waseChina kwa-CRU Group, ecaphuna imininingwane evela kubakhiqizi abacishe babe yishumi nambili abaziswe ngohulumeni basekhaya. kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaJuni.
Lokho kuzophawula ukwehla ngo-45% ekuthunyelweni kwaseChina okungamathani ayizigidi ezi-5.5 esikhathini esifanayo ngonyaka odlule.
Ikhomishana yeNational Development and Reform Commission, isikhungo esinamandla sokuhlela isimo saseChina, ayizange iphendule esicelweni sokuphawula ngezabelo zayo zezabelo, ezingakamenyezelwa esidlangalaleni.
Abakhiqizi abahamba phambili be-phosphates u-Yunnan Yuntianhua, i-Hubei Xingfa Chemical Group kanye ne-Guizhou Phosphate Chemical Group (GPCG) engaphansi kukahulumeni abaphendulanga izingcingo noma benqabile ukuphawula ngesikhathi bethintwa abakwaReuters.
Abahlaziyi be-S&P Global Commodity Insights bathe balindele nesabelo esingaba amathani ayizigidi ezi-3 engxenyeni yesibili.
(Umdwebo: I-China isiyonke i-phosphate ethunyelwa ngaphandle ibuyekeziwe, )
Nakuba i-China ike yafaka intela kumanyolo esikhathini esidlule, izinyathelo zakamuva ziphawula ukusetshenziswa kwayo kokuqala kwezitifiketi zokuhlola kanye nezabelo zokuthumela ngaphandle, kusho abahlaziyi.
Abanye abakhiqizi abakhulu be-phosphates, njenge-diammonium phosphate (DAP) esetshenziswa kabanzi, bahlanganisa i-Morocco, i-United States, i-Russia ne-Saudia Arabia.
Ukwenyuka kwamanani entengo onyakeni odlule kudale ukukhathazeka ngeBeijing, okumele iqinisekise ukutholakala kokudla kubantu bayo abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.4 njengoba zonke izindleko zokufakwa emapulazini zikhuphuka.
Izintengo zasekhaya zaseShayina zisalokhu zisesephulelweni esibalulekile kumanani omhlaba, nokho, futhi okwamanje zicishe zibe ngama-$300 ngaphansi kuka-$1,000 ngethani ngalinye elicashunwe e-Brazil, okugqugquzela ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe.
Ukuthunyelwa kwe-phosphate eChina kukhuphuke engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2021 ngaphambi kokwehla ngoNovemba, ngemuva kokwethulwa kwesidingo sezitifiketi zokuhlolwa.
Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-DAP kanye ne-monoammonium phosphate ezinyangeni ezinhlanu zokuqala zalo nyaka kufinyelele amathani ayizigidi ezi-2.3, kwehle ngama-20% kunonyaka odlule.
(Umfanekiso: Izimakethe ezihamba phambili ze-DAP zaseChina, )
Imikhawulo yokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe izosekela amanani entengo aphezulu emhlabeni, njengoba inesisindo esidingekayo futhi ithumela abathengi befuna eminye imithombo, kusho abahlaziyi.
Umthengi ophezulu wase-India usanda kubeka inani labangenisa amanani abavunyelwe ukukhokhela i-DAP ngo-$920 ithani ngalinye, futhi isidingo esivela ePakistan siyathuliswa ngenxa yamanani aphezulu, kusho i-S&P Global Commodity Insights.
Yize amanani ehle kancane emasontweni asanda kwedlula njengoba imakethe ijwayelana nemiphumela yenhlekelele yase-Ukraine, ngabe ehle kakhulu ukube bekungengenxa yezabelo zaseChina ezithumela ngaphandle, kusho uGlen Kurokawa, umhlaziyi we-CRU we-phosphates.
“Ikhona eminye imithombo, kodwa ngokujwayelekile imakethe iqinile,” kusho yena.
Kubikwa ngu-Emily Chow, uDominique Patton kanye negumbi lezindaba laseBeijing; Kuhlelwa ngu-Edmund Klamann
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-20-2022